Abbreviations: BH2, dihypdrobiopterin
Liu J, Li D, Zhang T, Tong Q, Ye RD, Lin L
Wiegand KC, Shah SP, Al-Agha OM, Zhao Y, Tse K, Zeng T, Senz J, McConechy MK, Anglesio MS, Kalloger SE
4.6 Application of nano delivery system As plant polysaccharides possess biodegradability, biocompatibility, and inherent pharmacological activity, nanomaterials derived from plant polysaccharides exhibit significant advantages in improving drug utilization, pharmacokinetics, reducing toxicity, controlling drug release, and minimizing required dosages ( 2+ levels, reduced GSH, mitochondrial shrinkage and cristae disruption, upregulation of ferroportin, and downregulation of SLC40A1 and Ferritin, ultimately disrupting iron homeostasis ( 4.7 Stimulation of immune response against cancers Polysaccharides possess notable properties of immunomodulatory and anticancer, making them valuable therapeutic agents

The critical role of NAD + pool in tumorigenesis NAD + not only acts as a co-enzyme for metabolic redox reactions, but also functions as a co-substrate to modulate the activity of NAD + -consuming enzymes that govern the critical steps in tumorigenesis, including genome stability, metabolism, cell growth, cell death, redox homeostasis and immune response